Anusvara Part 2 - व्याकरणविवॆचनम्

My last post ("मधुरं फलम्" - The Anusvara Conundrum) showed the "why" of anusvara and मकार difference. In this post, we will see how this difference is supported in the classical Sanskrit grammar. The following is taken from Samjna Prakarana of Laghu Siddhanta Kaumudi (LSK).

मुखनासिकावचनॊऽनुनासिकः | (पा १.१.८)
मुख-सहित-नासिकयॊः वाच्यमाणः वर्णः अनुनासिकसञ्ज्ञः स्यात् |
The sounds pronounced using nose and mouth are called anunasika.
Amongst the grouped consonants, ङ् ञ् ण् न् म् are known as anunasika - pronounced through nose and mouth.

The next few sentences in LSK explain the positions of various vowels and consonants. Each grouped consonant originates from a position in the mouth. Then comes:

ञमङणनानां नासिका च | 
ङ् ञ् ण् न् म् एतॆषां वर्णानामुच्चारणॆ नासिकायाः च (अपि) उपयॊगः भवति |
In the pronunciation of ङ् ञ् ण् न् म्, nose is also used (with mouth). Because the earlier sutras state that other consonants use only mouth.

Then after another couple sutras in between, place of anusvara is mentioned.
नासिकाऽनुस्वारस्य |
अनुस्वारस्य स्थानं नासिका (कॆवलम्) |
which states that the pronunciation place of anusvara is just nose.

The distinction between anusvara and मकार is very clearly stated. Note that in the varnamala chart, anusvara written as अं is for representation only. It can be written as -ं It should not be pronounced as अम्, but just the humming sound coming through the nose. For मकार, the air passing through the mouth should hit the lips, making the nasal pass as well.